CYRESSWOOD CHURCH OF CHRIST
November 29, 2009
25424 Aldine-Westfield, Spring, TX. 77373
www.blakehart.com/cypresswoodbulletin.htm
CONTINUE TO PRAY FOR:
God’s
will for our congregation Various
friends, relatives and co-worker
Our
nation, military and leaders Those
struggling economically
HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO: Larry Ross (9th),
David Stehlek (17th), Peggy Ross (19th), Gary Landrum (19th),
Mel
Oller (29th).
THE OLD TESTAMENT IN CHRISTMAS
“This is the genealogy of Jesus the Messiah the son of David, the son
of Abraham” (Matthew
1:1).
As
you know, this is my favorite time of the year and in particular I like both
the decorations and the music. But I
also like the story of the birth of Jesus.
In the past we have looked at a variety of aspects to this story. One would think that we would run out of
ideas, but alas, no. We have spent some
time looking at the use of the Old Testament in the New. I’m convinced that the early church knew
their scriptures, the Old Testament, extremely well, and it would do us well to
learn those same scriptures. Thankfully,
a number of our brothers and sisters are studying the Old Testament. This will be the first of several articles
looking at some different ideas surrounding the birth of Jesus.
In
the past we have looked at some of the most familiar texts from the Hebrew
scriptures relating to the birth of Jesus.
We are familiar with Isaiah 7:14 that speaks of the virgin giving
birth. We looked at the context that
begins in Isaiah 7 through 9:7, King Ahaz, the prophet’s son, and the names
mentioned, attempting to understand what was happening in Isaiah’s day and why
Matthew used that text. We have looked
at Hosea 11:1 that Matthew uses, a text that looks back to Israel leaving Egypt
and connecting it with Jesus leaving Egypt, the new Moses, at least in a
sense. There is the text from Micah 5:2
that speaks about where the newborn king of the Jews would be born. Jeremiah, in a new covenant context, is used
of the death of the children of Bethlehem.
These are the main texts and one would think that we have looked at
everything. We even looked at the women
mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus and some implications of that.
There
is more. Not only are there the obvious
texts but there are echoes and allusions to the Old Testament that draw us into
the story. Understanding these, which I
think that Matthew’s and Luke’s audience would have, bring a better
understanding of God’s activity in this world and the drama of redemption. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Matthew’s
account begins with the genealogy. From
Abraham to David we can read of many of these people and their stories, how
they affected the story of scripture.
They were the rising stars of the Old Testament, pointing forward. The genealogy from David to Josiah is the
decline of the empire under the kings.
We see those who sought the Lord and those who rejected Him as the
kingdom of Judah decreased and failed.
All of this is found in the Old Testament. The last section of the genealogy are
unknowns. Nothing is known of this group
but then again, maybe that was an indication of the future. God would use the humble, weak and unknowns
to accomplish His purposes (see 1 Corinthians 1:18-31) (1). It makes one wonder how effective are well
known preachers and those who aspire to be such?
Then
there are the allusions to Egypt. There
is Joseph who goes as a slave to Egypt and is elevated. The Joseph of Jesus’ story also goes to
Egypt. Both receive dreams and both save
their families. Pharaoh wanted to kill
the Hebrew children, but thanks to the midwives, they were saved. Herod succeeded in killing some children in
Bethlehem. God protects the life of the
ones who would save Israel; Moses is floated in a basket down the Nile and
rescued by Pharaoh’s daughter, and through Joseph God saves Jesus. Wise men come from the east in the story of
Jesus and a wise man is called to curse Israel from the East (Numbers 23:7),
but instead Balaam blesses Israel as it journeys through Moab (Numbers 22-24). Balaam also announced that a star would rise
out of Judah, comparing that to the star the Magi followed (Numbers
24:17). The familiar quotes from the
prophets complete the idea of the Law and the Prophets being used in the birth
story of Jesus.
Luke
too has allusions to the Hebrew scriptures that are helpful in understanding
the birth events. An old Zachariah and
Elizabeth certainly echo both Abraham and Sarah and Elkanah and Hannah’s desire
to have a child, whose son becomes the last Judge, Samuel. Gabriel appears to both Zachariah and Mary
but we also know of his appearance to Daniel, where Daniel is stunned at his
appearance. To Zachariah and Daniel,
Gabriel came at a time of prayer and all are told not to be afraid. The songs found in Luke 1 and 2 remind us of a number of songs sung in the Old
Testament; such as those of Miriam, Deborah, and the Psalms. Mary presents Jesus in the Temple echoes
Hannah’s presenting Samuel to Eli (1 Samuel 1).
We might even see an echo of the meaning of the manger itself from
Isaiah 1:3, maybe as a conflict between God and His people who refused to obey
God - at least something to think about.
There
are echoes of Old Testament events surround John’s birth as well. There were the ideas of a Nazarite vow in
John as well as possibly Samuel and definitely Samson. There is also the Malachi reference as one
who would announce the coming king.
Isaac, Samuel and Jesus are compared as children growing up strong in
the Lord. Moses and Jesus are not only
deliverers but also lead their people to the promised land, Canaan in Israel’s
case and heaven (Eden) in our case.
The
announcement to Joseph about the birth of Jesus follows the pattern seen in
births of Isaac (Genesis 17:15-21) and Samson (Judges 13). Joseph, like his counterpart in the Old
Testament receives dreams and acts on them.
The escape to Egypt by Mary and Joseph can be compared to Moses’ leading
Israel out of Egyptian slavery, and even the idea of Jesus returning with Moses
going back to Egypt. These and many
other allusions and echoes can be found in the birth stories.
The
early church used the Old Testament as they studied Jesus and often found
meaning in those texts. It is Jesus who
opened His disciples eyes and minds to the meaning of the Old Testament. In light of the New Testament, we have a wonderful
opportunity to better understand the Old to God’s glory. Understanding the cultural contexts likewise
will help us tell the story of Jesus better and will help us approach society
with God’s story of redemption.
George
B. Mearns
(1)
This is pointed out in Raymond E. Brown, A Coming Christ in Advent,
Liturgical Press, 1988, p. 13f. and An Adult Christ of Christmas,
Liturgical Press, 1978.